Factors Affecting the Deformation of Stainless Steel Plates

The application of laser welding in stainless steel occupies a very important position, especially in the automotive industry, where the bodies are connected by welding. However, due to the influence of various factors, there is a deformation problem in the welding of stainless steel plates, and it is difficult to control, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of related fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the research on laser welding deformation of stainless steel plates.

1. Overview of Laser Welding

Laser welding mainly refers to the use of laser energy as a heat source to melt and connect workpieces. In the laser welding process, when the laser irradiates the surface of the material to be welded, part of it is reflected, and the other part is absorbed into the material to complete the welding target. In a word, the process of laser welding is to irradiate the surface of the material to be welded with a high-power laser beam focused by an optical system, and then make full use of the material to absorb light energy for heating and other treatments, and then form a welded joint after cooling. In welding, it is mainly divided into heat conduction welding and deep penetration welding.

Second, the harm of welding deformation and the main factors affecting welding deformation

The main factors affecting welding deformation are welding current, pulse width and frequency. With the increase of the welding current, the width of the weld increases, and spatter gradually appears, which leads to the oxidation deformation of the surface of the weld, accompanied by roughness; with the increase of the pulse width, the strength of the welded joint increases, and when the pulse width reaches a certain level , the heat conduction energy consumption on the surface of the material will also increase, and the evaporation will cause the liquid to splash out of the molten pool, resulting in the effect of the cutting welding frequency of the solder joint on the welding deformation of the stainless steel plate is closely related to the thickness of the steel plate. Such as 0.5mm stainless steel plate, when the frequency reaches 2Hz, the weld overlap rate is high; when the frequency reaches 5Hz, the weld seam burns seriously, the heat affected zone is wide, and deformation occurs. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the effective control of welding deformation. Effective measures to avoid laser welding deformation In order to reduce laser welding deformation and improve the welding quality of stainless steel plates, we can start from optimizing welding process parameters

3. Actively introduce orthogonal test method

Orthogonal test method mainly refers to a mathematical statistical method through orthogonal table analysis and multi-factor test arrangement. It can obtain valid results with less experimentation and inferred implementation schemes. At the same time, in-depth analysis can also be carried out to obtain more relevant information and provide a basis for specific work. Generally, the welding current, pulse width and laser frequency are the key detection objects, and the welding deformation is used as the index, which is controlled to be small, and the factor level is controlled within an appropriate range by following the principle of reasonableness. For example, for a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 0.5mm, the current can be controlled between 80~96i/A, and the frequency can be controlled between 2~5F/Hz.

2. Selection of Orthogonal Tables

In general, the number of levels of experimental factors should be consistent with the number of levels in the orthogonal table, and the number of factors should be less than the number of columns in the orthogonal table. Reasonable design of orthogonal table can provide corresponding support and help for follow-up research.

3. Range analysis of test results

The results show that the thickness range of stainless steel columns with different thicknesses is not the same. The factors that affect the deformation of laser welding are current, pulse width and frequency. Comprehensive consideration of various factors, the welding process parameters of laser welding should be current control 85A, pulse width 7ms, frequency 3Hz, and the welding process parameters should be optimized. Small welding deformation. For a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 0.8mm, on the basis of satisfying the tensile strength of the weld, the current, pulse width and frequency should be controlled at 124a, 8ms and 4Hz, respectively, to ensure the smallest deformation.

The thickness of the stainless steel plate is 160A, 11ms, 5Hz. In the laser welding process, the welding personnel can control the welding parameters within a reasonable range, which can not only improve the welding quality and efficiency, but also improve the welding quality and avoid the deformation of the steel plate to meet the production needs. With the rapid development of science and technology, welding deformation control technology is also constantly developing.

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